Intracellular calcium concentrations during "chemical hypoxia" and excitotoxic neuronal injury

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Intracellular calcium concentrations during "chemical hypoxia" and excitotoxic neuronal injury.

Because hypoxic/ischemic neurodegeneration appears to be in part linked to glutamate neurotoxicity, we measured intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) levels in cultured hippocampal neurons during exposure to toxic doses of glutamate (GLU) and to an anoxic environment simulated by sodium cyanide (NaCN). Changes in Ca2+i produced by cyanide greatly exceeded those induced by GLU. The NaCN response was mim...

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Ionized intracellular calcium concentration predicts excitotoxic neuronal death: observations with low-affinity fluorescent calcium indicators.

Cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) is an important mediator of neuronal signal transduction, participating in diverse biochemical reactions that elicit changes in synaptic efficacy, metabolic rate, and gene transcription. Excessive [Ca2+]i also has been implicated as a cause of acute neuronal injury, although measurement of [Ca2+]i in living neurons by fluorescent calcium indicators has not consistent...

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Intracellular calcium ions are involved in many forms of cellular function. To accommodate so many control functions, a complex spatiotemporal organization of calcium signaling has developed. In both excitable and nonexcitable cells, calcium signaling was found to fluctuate. Sudden localized increases in the intracellular calcium concentration-or calcium sparks-were found in heart, striated and...

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Activation of a novel injury-induced calcium-permeable channel that plays a key role in causing extended neuronal depolarization and initiating neuronal death in excitotoxic neuronal injury.

Protracted elevation in intracellular calcium caused by the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor is the main cause of glutamate excitotoxic injury in stroke. However, upon excitotoxic injury, despite the presence of calcium entry antagonists, calcium unexpectedly continues to enter the neuron, causing extended neuronal depolarization and culminating in neuronal death. This phenomenon...

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Excitotoxicity is associated with stroke, brain trauma, and a number of neurodegenerative disorders. In the brain, during excitotoxic insults, neurons undergo rapid swelling in both the soma and dendrites. Focal swellings along the dendrites called varicosities are considered to be a hallmark of acute excitotoxic neuronal injury. However, it is not clear what pathway is involved in the neuronal...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of Neuroscience

سال: 1991

ISSN: 0270-6474,1529-2401

DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.11-08-02545.1991